What is the common penalty for infractions such as encroachment and false start?

Encroachment and false start are two common infractions in football that result in a penalty of 5 yards. These types of penalties typically occur before the snap of the ball. Encroachment happens when a defensive player crosses the line of scrimmage and disrupts the offensive team's attempts to execute a play. A false start is called when an offensive player moves illegally before the snap, thus creating unfair advantage or disruption in the play.

The 5-yard penalty is designed to maintain fairness and fluidity in the game. It serves as a minor setback for the offending team, allowing the game to continue without overly punishing the players for these relatively minor infractions. Other penalties in football, such as those that involve more severe infractions (like personal fouls), typically carry higher yardage penalties, which is why those options were not appropriate in this particular case. Therefore, assigning a penalty of 5 yards for encroachment and false start effectively balances the need for rule enforcement with the overall pace and spirit of the game.